智慧物流未來(lái)發(fā)力點(diǎn)？不妨讀讀這些新政策
The future of smart logistics? We might as well read these new policies.
隨著眾多新興科技逐漸脫離構(gòu)想藍(lán)圖、走入商業(yè)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域，物流業(yè)也迎來(lái)了新一輪的產(chǎn)業(yè)革命?？萍?/span>深刻變革快遞物流中倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)、運(yùn)輸與配送的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，成為物流行業(yè)降本增效的關(guān)鍵利器。
As many new technologies gradually break away from the blueprint and enter the field of commercial application, the logistics industry has ushered in a new round of industrial revolution. Science and technology have profoundly changed the various links of warehousing, transportation and distribution in express logistics, and become the key sharp weapon to reduce costs and increase efficiency in logistics industry.
為此，國(guó)務(wù)院、國(guó)家發(fā)改委、國(guó)家郵政局于近年來(lái)出臺(tái)多部促進(jìn)物流降本增效的政策與發(fā)展意見(jiàn)，大力推動(dòng)了物流相關(guān)創(chuàng)新領(lǐng)域的活力，并將深遠(yuǎn)影響智慧物流的發(fā)展。
In recent years, the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Post Office have promulgated a number of policies and development opinions to promote logistics cost reduction and efficiency, which have greatly promoted the vitality of logistics-related innovation and will have a far-reaching impact on the development of intelligent logistics.
本文梳理了近年來(lái)國(guó)家政策方面，關(guān)于促進(jìn)物流技術(shù)發(fā)展的內(nèi)容。這些政策、指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)從不同的角度為物流業(yè)未來(lái)五年乃至十年的發(fā)展指明了方向。順應(yīng)大環(huán)境，找準(zhǔn)發(fā)力點(diǎn)，物流企業(yè)才能更加準(zhǔn)確地把握智慧物流新風(fēng)向。
This paper reviews the recent development of logistics technology in the aspect of national policies. These policies and guidelines point out the direction for the development of the logistics industry in the next five years and even ten years from different angles. In order to adapt to the environment and find the right way, logistics enterprises can grasp the new direction of intelligent logistics more accurately.
《關(guān)于推進(jìn)電子商務(wù)與快遞物流協(xié)同發(fā)展的意見(jiàn)》
Opinions on promoting the coordinated development of e-commerce and express logistics
2018年1月，國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于推進(jìn)電子商務(wù)與快遞物流協(xié)同發(fā)展的意見(jiàn)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《意見(jiàn)》)。
In January 2018, the General Office of the State Council issued Opinions on Promoting the Coordinated Development of Electronic Commerce and Express Logistics (hereinafter referred to as Opinions).
《意見(jiàn)》指出，近年來(lái)，我國(guó)電子商務(wù)與快遞物流協(xié)同發(fā)展不斷加深，但仍面臨政策法規(guī)體系不完善、發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)、銜接不順暢等問(wèn)題。要全面貫徹黨的十九大精神，深入貫徹落實(shí)習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想，落實(shí)新發(fā)展理念，深入實(shí)施“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+流通”行動(dòng)計(jì)劃，提高電子商務(wù)與快遞物流協(xié)同發(fā)展水平。
"Opinions" pointed out that in recent years, China's e-commerce and express logistics co-development has been deepening, but still faced with imperfect policies and regulations, development is not coordinated, the link is not smooth and other issues. We must comprehensively implement the nineteen spirit of the party, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping's new socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics, implement the new development concept, thoroughly implement the "Internet + circulation" action plan, and improve the level of coordinated development of e-commerce and express logistics.
《意見(jiàn)》提出了六個(gè)方面的政策措施。其中，提到以下幾個(gè)方面：
The opinions put forward six policy measures. Among them, the following aspects are mentioned.
強(qiáng)化服務(wù)創(chuàng)新，提升快遞末端服務(wù)能力。鼓勵(lì)將推廣智能快件箱納入便民服務(wù)、民生工程等項(xiàng)目，推廣智能投遞設(shè)施;促進(jìn)快遞末端配送、服務(wù)資源有效組織和統(tǒng)籌利用，鼓勵(lì)集約化服務(wù)。強(qiáng)化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化智能化，提高協(xié)同運(yùn)行效率。加強(qiáng)大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、機(jī)器人等現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)和裝備在電子商務(wù)與快遞物流領(lǐng)域應(yīng)用，提高科技應(yīng)用水平;加強(qiáng)快遞物流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系建設(shè)，鼓勵(lì)信息互聯(lián)互通;優(yōu)化資源配置，提升供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同效率。
Strengthening service innovation and upgrading terminal service capabilities. Encourage the promotion of intelligent express boxes into convenience services, livelihood projects and other projects, promote intelligent delivery facilities, promote express terminal distribution, effective organization and overall utilization of service resources, and encourage intensive services. Strengthening standardization and intelligentization and improving the efficiency of collaborative operation. Strengthen the application of modern information technology and equipment such as big data, cloud computing, robots in the field of e-commerce and express logistics, improve the level of scientific and technological application; strengthen the construction of express logistics standard system, encourage information interconnection and interoperability; optimize the allocation of resources, improve the efficiency of supply chain coordination.
《促進(jìn)新一代人工智能產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃(2018-2020年)》
Action plan to promote the development of the new generation of AI industry in three years (2018-2020 years)
2017年12月，工業(yè)和信息化部發(fā)布《促進(jìn)新一代人工智能產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展三年行動(dòng)計(jì)劃(2018-2020年)》，提出：
In December 2017, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology promulgated the "Three-year Action Plan for Promoting the Development of a New Generation of Artificial Intelligence Industry (2018-2020)".
深入實(shí)施智能制造，鼓勵(lì)新一代人工智能技術(shù)在工業(yè)領(lǐng)域各環(huán)節(jié)的探索應(yīng)用，支持重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域算法突破與應(yīng)用創(chuàng)新，系統(tǒng)提升制造裝備、制造過(guò)程、行業(yè)應(yīng)用的智能化水平。著重在以下方面率先取得突破：
Intelligent manufacturing should be carried out in depth to encourage the exploration and application of the new generation of artificial intelligence technology in various links of the industrial field, to support algorithm breakthroughs and application innovation in key areas, and to systematically upgrade the intelligent level of manufacturing equipment, manufacturing processes and industrial applications. Focusing on the following areas:
智能制造關(guān)鍵技術(shù)裝備。提升高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床與工業(yè)機(jī)器人的自檢測(cè)、自校正、自適應(yīng)、自組織能力和智能化水平，利用人工智能技術(shù)提升增材制造裝備的加工精度和產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，優(yōu)化智能傳感器與分散式控制系統(tǒng)(DCS)、可編程邏輯控制器(PLC)、數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)(SCADA)、高性能高可靠嵌入式控制系統(tǒng)等控制裝備在復(fù)雜工作環(huán)境的感知、認(rèn)知和控制能力，提高數(shù)字化非接觸精密測(cè)量、在線無(wú)損檢測(cè)系統(tǒng)等智能檢測(cè)裝備的測(cè)量精度和效率，增強(qiáng)裝配設(shè)備的柔性。提升高速分揀機(jī)、多層穿梭車、高密度存儲(chǔ)穿梭板等物流裝備的智能化水平，實(shí)現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)、柔性、高效的物料配送和無(wú)人化智能倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)。
Intelligent manufacturing key technology and equipment. Improve the self-test, self-tuning, self-adapting, self-organizing and intelligent level of high-grade NC machine tools and industrial robots, use artificial intelligence technology to improve the machining accuracy and product quality of augmented materials manufacturing equipment, optimize intelligent sensors and distributed control system (DCS), programmable logic controller (PLC), data acquisition system. Control equipments such as SCADA, high performance and high reliability embedded control system have the ability of perception, cognition and control in complex working environment, improve the measurement accuracy and efficiency of intelligent testing equipments such as digital non-contact precision measurement and on-line non-destructive testing system, and enhance the flexibility of assembly equipment. Improve the intelligent level of high-speed sorter, multi-layer shuttle, high-density storage shuttle boards and other logistics equipment, to achieve accurate, flexible, efficient material distribution and unmanned intelligent warehousing.
到2020年，高檔數(shù)控機(jī)床智能化水平進(jìn)一步提升，具備人機(jī)協(xié)調(diào)、自然交互、自主學(xué)習(xí)功能的新一代工業(yè)機(jī)器人實(shí)現(xiàn)批量生產(chǎn)及應(yīng)用;增材制造裝備成形效率大于450cm3/h，連續(xù)工作時(shí)間大于240h;實(shí)現(xiàn)智能傳感與控制裝備在機(jī)床、機(jī)器人、石油化工、軌道交通等領(lǐng)域的集成應(yīng)用;智能檢測(cè)與裝配裝備的工業(yè)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)視覺(jué)識(shí)別準(zhǔn)確率達(dá)到90%，測(cè)量精度及速度滿足實(shí)際生產(chǎn)需求;開發(fā)10個(gè)以上智能物流與倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)裝備。
By 2020, the intelligent level of high-grade CNC machine tools will be further improved, and a new generation of industrial robots with the functions of man-machine coordination, natural interaction and autonomous learning will be used to realize batch production and application; the forming efficiency of augmented materials manufacturing equipment will be greater than 450cm 3/h, and the continuous working time will be longer than 240 hours; intelligent sensing and control equipment will be realized in machine tools and machines. Integration of robots, petrochemical, rail transit and other fields; Intelligent inspection and assembly equipment on-site visual identification accuracy rate of 90%, measurement accuracy and speed to meet the actual production needs; Development of more than 10 intelligent logistics and storage equipment.
《關(guān)于積極推進(jìn)供應(yīng)鏈創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》
Guiding opinions on actively promoting innovation and application of supply chain
2017年10月，國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳發(fā)布《關(guān)于積極推進(jìn)供應(yīng)鏈創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用的指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)》。該文件是首次針對(duì)供應(yīng)鏈領(lǐng)域出臺(tái)的國(guó)家級(jí)政策，提出加快供應(yīng)鏈創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用，促進(jìn)產(chǎn)業(yè)組織方式、商業(yè)模式和政府治理方式創(chuàng)新，推進(jìn)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，這標(biāo)志著我國(guó)供應(yīng)鏈創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用發(fā)展進(jìn)入加速提升階段。指導(dǎo)意見(jiàn)中提到，到2020年，培育100家左右的全球供應(yīng)鏈領(lǐng)先企業(yè)，重點(diǎn)產(chǎn)業(yè)的供應(yīng)鏈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)入世界前列，中國(guó)成為全球供應(yīng)鏈創(chuàng)新與應(yīng)用的重要中心。
In October 2017, the General Office of the State Council issued the Guiding Opinions on Actively Promoting the Innovation and Application of Supply Chain. This document is the first national policy issued in the field of supply chain. It proposes to accelerate the innovation and application of supply chain, promote the innovation of industrial organization, business model and government governance, and promote the structural reform of supply side. This indicates that the development of supply chain innovation and application in China has entered a stage of accelerated upgrading. According to the guidance, China will become an important center for innovation and application of global supply chains by 2020.
在總體要求中，提到“促進(jìn)制造協(xié)同化、服務(wù)化、智能化”，具體如下：
In the overall requirements, it refers to "promoting manufacturing synergy, service and intelligence" as follows:
1.推進(jìn)供應(yīng)鏈協(xié)同制造。推動(dòng)制造企業(yè)應(yīng)用精益供應(yīng)鏈等管理技術(shù)，完善從研發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)制造到售后服務(wù)的全鏈條供應(yīng)鏈體系。推動(dòng)供應(yīng)鏈上下游企業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)同采購(gòu)、協(xié)同制造、協(xié)同物流，促進(jìn)大中小企業(yè)專業(yè)化分工協(xié)作，快速響應(yīng)客戶需求，縮短生產(chǎn)周期和新品上市時(shí)間，降低生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)和交易成本。
1., promote collaborative manufacturing in supply chain. Promote manufacturing enterprises to apply lean supply chain management technology, improve the whole chain supply chain system from R&D, manufacturing to after-sales service. Promote the supply chain upstream and downstream enterprises to achieve collaborative purchasing, collaborative manufacturing, collaborative logistics, promote large and medium-sized enterprises specialization and collaboration, rapid response to customer demand, shorten production cycle and new product listing time, reduce production and operation costs and transaction costs.
2.發(fā)展服務(wù)型制造。建設(shè)一批服務(wù)型制造公共服務(wù)平臺(tái)，發(fā)展基于供應(yīng)鏈的生產(chǎn)性服務(wù)業(yè)。鼓勵(lì)相關(guān)企業(yè)向供應(yīng)鏈上游拓展協(xié)同研發(fā)、眾包設(shè)計(jì)、解決方案等專業(yè)服務(wù)，向供應(yīng)鏈下游延伸遠(yuǎn)程診斷、維護(hù)檢修、倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)物流、技術(shù)培訓(xùn)、融資租賃、消費(fèi)信貸等增值服務(wù)，推動(dòng)制造供應(yīng)鏈向產(chǎn)業(yè)服務(wù)供應(yīng)鏈轉(zhuǎn)型，提升制造產(chǎn)業(yè)價(jià)值鏈。
2. develop service manufacturing. We will build a number of service oriented manufacturing public service platforms and develop producer services based on supply chain. Encourage related enterprises to expand collaborative research and development, crowdsourcing design, solutions and other professional services to the upstream of the supply chain, extend value-added services such as remote diagnosis, maintenance and repair, warehousing logistics, technical training, financial leasing, consumer credit to the downstream of the supply chain, promote the transformation of the manufacturing supply chain to the industrial service supply chain, and upgrade manufacturing Industrial value chain.
3.促進(jìn)制造供應(yīng)鏈可視化和智能化。推動(dòng)感知技術(shù)在制造供應(yīng)鏈關(guān)鍵節(jié)點(diǎn)的應(yīng)用，促進(jìn)全鏈條信息共享，實(shí)現(xiàn)供應(yīng)鏈可視化。推進(jìn)機(jī)械、航空、船舶、汽車、輕工、紡織、食品、電子等行業(yè)供應(yīng)鏈體系的智能化，加快人機(jī)智能交互、工業(yè)機(jī)器人、智能工廠、智慧物流等技術(shù)和裝備的應(yīng)用，提高敏捷制造能力。
3. promote the visualization and intellectualization of manufacturing supply chain. Promote the application of perception technology in key nodes of manufacturing supply chain, promote the sharing of information in the whole chain, and realize the visualization of supply chain. We will promote the intelligentization of supply chain systems in machinery, aviation, ships, automobiles, light industry, textiles, food and electronics industries, accelerate the application of man-machine intelligent interaction, industrial robots, intelligent factories, intelligent logistics and other technologies and equipment, and improve the capability of agile manufacturing.
《國(guó)家郵政局關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)郵政業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的意見(jiàn)》
Opinions of the State Post Office on accelerating the structural reform of the supply side of postal industry
2017年5月，國(guó)家郵政局發(fā)布《國(guó)家郵政局關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)郵政業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革的意見(jiàn)》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱意見(jiàn))。
In May 2017, the State Post Office issued its Opinions on Accelerating the Structural Reform of the Supply Side of the Postal Industry (hereinafter referred to as Opinions).
意見(jiàn)表示，要注重融合創(chuàng)新，提升供給效率，強(qiáng)化科技創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)。引導(dǎo)企業(yè)加大科技投入，推廣應(yīng)用云計(jì)算、大數(shù)據(jù)、互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)等信息技術(shù)，探索應(yīng)用人工智能、無(wú)人機(jī)等先進(jìn)技術(shù)，廣泛使用自動(dòng)裝卸傳輸分揀、冷鏈物流等技術(shù)設(shè)備。制定郵政業(yè)技術(shù)研發(fā)指南，加強(qiáng)郵政業(yè)樞紐型基地業(yè)務(wù)與集成、關(guān)聯(lián)產(chǎn)業(yè)垂直解決方案、實(shí)名制信息化解決方案、包裝新材料新工藝設(shè)計(jì)等關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究。
The view expressed that we should pay attention to integration and innovation, enhance the efficiency of supply and strengthen the driving force of scientific and technological innovation. We will guide enterprises to invest more in science and technology, popularize and apply information technologies such as cloud computing, large data, Internet of Things, and explore the application of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and unmanned aerial vehicles. We will formulate technical R&D guidelines for the postal industry, strengthen the research on key technologies such as business and integration of postal hub bases, vertical solutions for related industries, real-name information solutions, new packaging materials and new process design.
出臺(tái)郵政業(yè)技術(shù)中心認(rèn)定管理辦法，支持企業(yè)申報(bào)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室、企業(yè)技術(shù)中心認(rèn)定和國(guó)家科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目。研究設(shè)立科技交流平臺(tái)，開放共享信息資源和科技研發(fā)成果。支持行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)、媒體為產(chǎn)學(xué)研合作牽線搭橋，推進(jìn)科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化運(yùn)用。加強(qiáng)郵政、快遞領(lǐng)域國(guó)際科技交流與合作，提高科技創(chuàng)新水平。
Measures for the identification and management of postal technology centers shall be promulgated to support enterprises to apply for the identification of state key laboratories, enterprise technology centers and national science and technology projects. Study and set up a platform for scientific and technological exchanges to open up and share information resources and R & D achievements. Support industry associations and media for bridging the gap between production, teaching and research, and promoting the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements. We should strengthen international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation in the field of postal and express delivery, and raise the level of scientific and technological innovation.
《快遞業(yè)發(fā)展“十三五”規(guī)劃》
Express industry development "13th Five-Year plan"
2017年2月，國(guó)家郵政局發(fā)布《快遞業(yè)發(fā)展“十三五”規(guī)劃》(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《規(guī)劃》)，提出到2020年基本建成普惠城鄉(xiāng)、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、服務(wù)優(yōu)質(zhì)、安全高效、綠色節(jié)能的快遞服務(wù)體系，形成覆蓋全國(guó)、聯(lián)通國(guó)際的服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
In February 2017, the State Post Office issued the "13th Five-Year Plan" for the Development of Express Industry (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan"), proposing that by 2020, the Express Service System should be basically built with the characteristics of inclusive urban and rural areas, advanced technology, high quality service, safety and efficiency, green and energy-saving, forming a service network covering the whole country and China Unicom.
《規(guī)劃》將快遞業(yè)的主要目標(biāo)細(xì)化為六個(gè)方面，其中，在科技創(chuàng)新方面，科技應(yīng)用水平進(jìn)一步提高，客戶服務(wù)、企業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)、行業(yè)管理的信息化水平基本達(dá)到國(guó)際先進(jìn)水平。建成一批工程技術(shù)中心和3-5個(gè)行業(yè)科研基地，創(chuàng)新型人才隊(duì)伍不斷壯大。在服務(wù)品質(zhì)方面，寄遞服務(wù)產(chǎn)品體系更加豐富，承諾時(shí)限產(chǎn)品比重進(jìn)一步提升，國(guó)際快遞服務(wù)通達(dá)范圍更廣，速度更快?？爝f標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化程度提升，行業(yè)整體信用水平明顯提升。
The main objectives of express delivery industry are divided into six aspects in the Plan. In the aspect of scientific and technological innovation, the application level of science and technology has been further improved, and the informationization level of customer service, enterprise operation and industry management has basically reached the international advanced level. A number of engineering and technological centers and 3-5 scientific research bases have been built, and the ranks of innovative talents are growing. In terms of service quality, the delivery service product system is more abundant, the proportion of promised time-limited products is further enhanced, the international express delivery service has a wider scope and faster speed. The level of express standardization has been improved, and the overall credit level of the industry has improved significantly.
《規(guī)劃》要求，將加強(qiáng)移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、大數(shù)據(jù)、云計(jì)算、虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)、人工智能等現(xiàn)代信息技術(shù)在企業(yè)管理、市場(chǎng)服務(wù)和行業(yè)監(jiān)管中的應(yīng)用。加大數(shù)據(jù)信息集成應(yīng)用，推動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)業(yè)務(wù)平臺(tái)一體化，作業(yè)環(huán)節(jié)、路由管控智能化，提升運(yùn)輸、服務(wù)和安全保障能力，實(shí)現(xiàn)快件自動(dòng)分撥和快速轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)。加快大數(shù)據(jù)及云平臺(tái)等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)，推動(dòng)信息應(yīng)用向“郵政云”“快遞云”平臺(tái)遷移。推廣數(shù)據(jù)分單、數(shù)據(jù)派單等技術(shù)應(yīng)用，提高生產(chǎn)效能。鼓勵(lì)快遞企業(yè)采用先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)和裝備，推進(jìn)機(jī)器人、無(wú)人機(jī)、無(wú)人車研發(fā)和應(yīng)用。
The plan calls for strengthening the application of modern information technologies such as mobile Internet, Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, virtual reality and artificial intelligence in enterprise management, market services and industry supervision. Increase the application of data and information integration, promote the integration of business platforms, intelligent operation, routing management and control, enhance transport, service and security capabilities, to achieve automatic distribution of express and rapid transit. We will accelerate the construction of infrastructure such as large data and cloud platforms, and promote the migration of information applications to "postal cloud" and "express cloud" platforms. Promote the application of data partition, data dispatch and so on to improve production efficiency. Express delivery enterprises are encouraged to adopt advanced and applicable technologies and equipment to promote the development and application of robots, UAVs and UAVs.
《“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”高效物流實(shí)施意見(jiàn)》
"Internet +" implementation of efficient logistics
2016年7月，國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委發(fā)布《“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”高效物流實(shí)施意見(jiàn)》的通知(以下簡(jiǎn)稱意見(jiàn))。在發(fā)展目標(biāo)方面，意見(jiàn)要求，先進(jìn)信息技術(shù)在物流領(lǐng)域廣泛應(yīng)用，倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)、運(yùn)輸、配送等環(huán)節(jié)智能化水平顯著提升，物流組織方式不斷優(yōu)化創(chuàng)新;基于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的物流新技術(shù)、新模式、新業(yè)態(tài)成為行業(yè)發(fā)展新動(dòng)力，與“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”高效物流發(fā)展相適應(yīng)的行業(yè)管理政策體系基本建立;形成以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為依托，開放共享、合作共贏、高效便捷、綠色安全的智慧物流生態(tài)體系，物流效率效益大幅提高。
In July 2016, the national development and Reform Commission issued the notice on the implementation of "Internet plus" efficient logistics (hereinafter referred to as the opinion). In terms of development goals, opinions require that advanced information technology be widely applied in the field of logistics, the level of intelligence in warehousing, transportation, distribution and other aspects will be significantly improved, and the logistics organization will be constantly optimized and innovating. The industry management policy system suitable for the development of logistics has been basically established, and a smart logistics ecological system based on the Internet, which is open, sharing, win-win cooperation, high efficiency, convenience and green security, has been formed. The efficiency and efficiency of logistics have been greatly improved.
意見(jiàn)提出，構(gòu)建物流信息互聯(lián)共享體系;提升倉(cāng)儲(chǔ)配送智能化水平;發(fā)展高效便捷物流新模式;營(yíng)造開放共贏的物流發(fā)展環(huán)境等四項(xiàng)主要任務(wù)。
The paper puts forward four main tasks: constructing logistics information interconnection and sharing system; improving the intelligent level of warehousing and distribution; developing new efficient and convenient logistics model; and creating an open and win-win logistics development environment.
《國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于促進(jìn)快遞業(yè)發(fā)展的若干意見(jiàn)》
Opinions of the State Council on promoting the development of express industry
2015年10月，國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布關(guān)于促進(jìn)快遞業(yè)發(fā)展的若干意見(jiàn)，意見(jiàn)指出到2020年，基本建成普惠城鄉(xiāng)、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、服務(wù)優(yōu)質(zhì)、安全高效、綠色節(jié)能的快遞服務(wù)體系，形成覆蓋全國(guó)、聯(lián)通國(guó)際的服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
In October 2015, the State Council issued a number of opinions on promoting the development of express delivery industry, pointing out that by 2020, the express service system with universal benefits in urban and rural areas, advanced technology, high service quality, safety and efficiency, green and energy-saving will be basically built, and a service network covering the whole country and the international community of China Unicom will be formed.
意見(jiàn)提出培育壯大快遞企業(yè); 推進(jìn)“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”快遞;構(gòu)建完善服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò);銜接綜合交通體系;加強(qiáng)行業(yè)安全監(jiān)管，五大重點(diǎn)任務(wù)。
The opinions put forward five key tasks: fostering the growth of express delivery enterprises; promoting the "Internet +" express; constructing a perfect service network; linking up the comprehensive transportation system; and strengthening the safety supervision of the industry.
其中，培育壯大快遞企業(yè)：
Among them, cultivate and expand the express delivery enterprises:
鼓勵(lì)各類資本依法進(jìn)入快遞領(lǐng)域，支持快遞企業(yè)兼并重組、上市融資，整合中小企業(yè)，優(yōu)化資源配置，實(shí)現(xiàn)強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合、優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)，加快形成若干家具有國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的企業(yè)集團(tuán)，鼓勵(lì)“走出去”參與國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。大力提升快遞服務(wù)質(zhì)量，實(shí)施品牌戰(zhàn)略，建立健全行業(yè)安全和服務(wù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)體系，加強(qiáng)服務(wù)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)，降低快件延誤率、損毀率、丟失率和投訴率，引導(dǎo)快遞企業(yè)從價(jià)格競(jìng)爭(zhēng)向服務(wù)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)轉(zhuǎn)變。積極推廣快遞保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)，保障用戶權(quán)益。支持骨干企業(yè)建設(shè)工程技術(shù)中心，開展智能終端、自動(dòng)分揀、機(jī)械化裝卸、冷鏈快遞等技術(shù)裝備的研發(fā)應(yīng)用。
Encourage all kinds of capital to enter the express delivery field according to law, support the express delivery enterprises to merge and reorganize, go public for financing, integrate the small and medium-sized enterprises, optimize the allocation of resources, realize strong and strong alliance, complement each other's advantages, accelerate the formation of a number of internationally competitive enterprise groups, and encourage "going out" to participate in international competition. We will vigorously improve the quality of express service, implement brand strategy, establish and improve industry safety and service standard system, strengthen service quality monitoring, reduce the rate of delays, damage, loss and complaints, and guide express delivery enterprises from price competition to service competition. Actively promote the express insurance business to protect the rights and interests of users. Support the backbone enterprises to build engineering technology centers, carry out research and development and application of intelligent terminals, automatic sorting, mechanized loading and unloading, cold chain express and other technical equipment.
《中國(guó)制造2025》
Made in China 2025
2015年5月，國(guó)務(wù)院發(fā)布關(guān)于印發(fā)《中國(guó)制造2025》的通知，通知指出《中國(guó)制造2025》，是我國(guó)實(shí)施制造強(qiáng)國(guó)戰(zhàn)略第一個(gè)十年的行動(dòng)綱領(lǐng)。
In May 2015, the State Council issued a circular on the issue of Made in China 2025, notifying that Made in China 2025 is the programme of action for the first decade of implementing the strategy of building a powerful manufacturing country.
中國(guó)制造2025指出，要加快發(fā)展智能制造裝備和產(chǎn)品。統(tǒng)籌布局和推動(dòng)智能交通工具、智能工程機(jī)械、服務(wù)機(jī)器人、智能家電、智能照明電器、可穿戴設(shè)備等產(chǎn)品研發(fā)和產(chǎn)業(yè)化。
Made in China 2025 points out that we should speed up the development of intelligent manufacturing equipment and products. Overall layout and promotion of intelligent transportation, intelligent construction machinery, service robots, intelligent household appliances, intelligent lighting appliances, wearable equipment and other products research and development and industrialization.
推進(jìn)制造過(guò)程智能化。在重點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域試點(diǎn)建設(shè)智能工廠/數(shù)字化車間，加快人機(jī)智能交互、工業(yè)機(jī)器人、智能物流管理、增材制造等技術(shù)和裝備在生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中的應(yīng)用，促進(jìn)制造工藝的仿真優(yōu)化、數(shù)字化控制、狀態(tài)信息實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)和自適應(yīng)控制。加快產(chǎn)品全生命周期管理、客戶關(guān)系管理、供應(yīng)鏈管理系統(tǒng)的推廣應(yīng)用，促進(jìn)集團(tuán)管控、設(shè)計(jì)與制造、產(chǎn)供銷一體、業(yè)務(wù)和財(cái)務(wù)銜接等關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)集成，實(shí)現(xiàn)智能管控。
Promote the intelligent manufacturing process. Intelligent factories/digital workshops will be built on a pilot basis in key areas to speed up the application of human-computer intelligent interaction, industrial robots, intelligent logistics management, augmented manufacturing and other technologies and equipment in the production process, and to promote simulation optimization, digital control, real-time monitoring of state information and adaptive control of manufacturing processes. Accelerate the popularization and application of product life cycle management, customer relationship management and supply chain management system, promote the integration of group management, design and manufacture, production, supply and marketing, business and financial links, and realize intelligent management and control.
《物流業(yè)發(fā)展中長(zhǎng)期規(guī)劃(2014-2020年)》
Development of logistics industry in medium and long term (2014-2020 years)
2014年9月，國(guó)務(wù)院對(duì)外發(fā)布《物流業(yè)發(fā)展中長(zhǎng)期規(guī)劃(2014-2020年)》規(guī)劃，提出到2020年，基本建立布局合理、技術(shù)先進(jìn)、便捷高效、綠色環(huán)保、安全有序的現(xiàn)代物流服務(wù)體系。物流的社會(huì)化、專業(yè)化水平進(jìn)一步提升。物流業(yè)增加值年均增長(zhǎng)8%左右，物流業(yè)增加值占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比重達(dá)到7.5%左右。第三方物流比重明顯提高。新的物流裝備、技術(shù)廣泛應(yīng)用。物流整體運(yùn)行效率顯著提高。全社會(huì)物流總費(fèi)用與國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比率由2013年的18%下降到16%左右，物流業(yè)對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的支撐和保障能力進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)。
In September 2014, the State Council issued the Long-term and Long-term Plan for the Development of Logistics Industry (2014-2020). By 2020, the State Council proposed to basically establish a modern logistics service system with reasonable layout, advanced technology, convenient and efficient, green, safe and orderly. The level of socialization and specialization of logistics is further enhanced. The value-added of the logistics industry increased by about 8% annually, and the proportion of the value-added of the logistics industry to GDP reached about 7.5%. The proportion of the third party logistics increased significantly. New logistics equipment and technology are widely used. The overall operation efficiency of logistics has been significantly improved. The ratio of total logistics expenditure to GDP of the whole society has dropped from 18% in 2013 to about 16%, and the ability of logistics industry to support and guarantee the national economy has been further strengthened.
規(guī)劃提出七大主要任務(wù)(一)大力提升物流社會(huì)化、專業(yè)化水平;(二)進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)物流信息化建設(shè);(三)推進(jìn)物流技術(shù)裝備現(xiàn)代化;(四)加強(qiáng)物流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè);(五)推進(jìn)區(qū)域物流協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展;(六)積極推動(dòng)國(guó)際物流發(fā)展；(七)大力發(fā)展綠色物流。 等七大大主要任務(wù)。
The plan puts forward seven major tasks: (1) vigorously promote the socialization and specialization of logistics; (2) further strengthen the construction of logistics information; (3) promote the modernization of logistics technology and equipment; (4) strengthen the construction of logistics standardization; (5) promote the coordinated development of regional logistics; (6) actively promote the development of international logistics; (7) vigorously develop green logistics . There are seven major tasks.
其中，關(guān)于“加強(qiáng)物流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化建設(shè)”中提到以下內(nèi)容：
Among them, "strengthening logistics standardization construction" refers to the following contents:
加強(qiáng)物流核心技術(shù)和裝備研發(fā)，推動(dòng)關(guān)鍵技術(shù)裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)化，鼓勵(lì)物流企業(yè)采用先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)和裝備。加快食品冷鏈、醫(yī)藥、煙草、機(jī)械、汽車、干散貨、危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品等專業(yè)物流裝備的研發(fā)，提升物流裝備的專業(yè)化水平。積極發(fā)展標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化、廂式化、專業(yè)化的公路貨運(yùn)車輛，逐步淘汰欄板式貨車。推廣鐵路重載運(yùn)輸技術(shù)裝備，積極發(fā)展鐵路特種、專用貨車以及高鐵快件等運(yùn)輸技術(shù)裝備，加強(qiáng)物流安全檢測(cè)技術(shù)與裝備的研發(fā)和推廣應(yīng)用。吸收引進(jìn)國(guó)際先進(jìn)物流技術(shù)，提高物流技術(shù)自主創(chuàng)新能力。
Strengthen the research and development of logistics core technology and equipment, promote the industrialization of key technology and equipment, and encourage logistics enterprises to adopt advanced and applicable technology and equipment. We will accelerate the R&D of specialized logistics equipment for food cold chain, medicine, tobacco, machinery, automobiles, dry bulk cargo and dangerous chemicals, and upgrade the level of specialization of logistics equipment. We should actively develop standardized, van oriented and specialized road freight vehicles and phase out the plate type freight cars. Promote railway heavy haul transport technology and equipment, actively develop railway special, special trucks and high-speed rail express transport technology and equipment, strengthen the logistics safety testing technology and equipment research and development and application. Absorption and introduction of advanced international logistics technology, improve logistics technology independent innovation ability.
此外，規(guī)劃還提出了物流信息平臺(tái)工程、物流新技術(shù)開發(fā)應(yīng)用工程、物流標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化工程、再生資源回收物流工程等十二項(xiàng)重大物流工程。
In addition, twelve major logistics projects, such as logistics information platform project, logistics new technology development and application project, logistics standardization project, renewable resources recovery logistics project, are proposed.
一直以來(lái)，新科技、新理念、新政策是億歐觀察產(chǎn)業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展的三大方向，我們認(rèn)為，在物流產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中，國(guó)家政策引導(dǎo)與推動(dòng)作用不容忽視。8月24日，由億歐主辦的“科技落地 物鏈未來(lái)——GIIS 2018物流產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新峰會(huì) ”將于北京召開，屆時(shí)，國(guó)家政策在物流科技落地中起到的作用必然成為嘉賓討論的一大內(nèi)容。
All along, new technology, new concepts and new policies are the three major directions for Euro 100 million to observe the development of industrial Internet. We believe that in the development of logistics industry, the role of national policy guidance and promotion can not be ignored. On August 24, the GIIS 2018 Logistics Industry Innovation Summit, hosted by Euro, will be held in Beijing. At that time, the role of national policies in logistics technology landing will inevitably become a major part of the discussion.
來(lái)自京東、蘇寧、菜鳥等電商企業(yè)，德邦、傳化、安得等物流企業(yè)以及G7、福佑卡車、滿幫等物流信息化企業(yè)的核心領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將參與此次峰會(huì)，分享對(duì)于物流科技落地的新看法與新想法。讀懂當(dāng)下物流科技新動(dòng)向，預(yù)見(jiàn)物流產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)新風(fēng)向，敬請(qǐng)關(guān)注此次峰會(huì)，8月24日，帶著您的問(wèn)題與看法，聆聽(tīng)嘉賓觀點(diǎn)，共同分享與學(xué)習(xí)。
Core leaders from e-commerce enterprises such as Jingdong, Suning and Cabbage, logistics enterprises such as Debang, Chuanhua and Ande, and logistics information enterprises such as G7, Fuyou truck and Manbang will participate in the summit to share new views and ideas on logistics technology landing. Understanding the new trends of logistics technology and foreseeing the new trend of logistics industry upgrading, please pay attention to this summit, August 24, with your questions and views, listen to the views of guests, share and learn together.
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